Dental X-rays are an essential part of modern dentistry. They help your dentist detect problems that cannot be seen during a regular exam, such as cavities between teeth, infections, bone loss, cysts, or impacted teeth. Many patients, however, are concerned about radiation exposure. The good news is that dental X-rays use very low levels of radiation and are considered extremely safe.

Why Dental X-Rays Are Important

Dental X-rays allow your dentist to:

  • Detect cavities between teeth
  • Evaluate bone levels and periodontal disease
  • Check for infections at the root of a tooth
  • Monitor developing teeth in children
  • Diagnose impacted or wisdom teeth
  • Plan treatments such as implants, root canals, or orthodontics

Without X-rays, many dental problems would remain hidden until they become more serious and more expensive to treat.

How Much Radiation Do Dental X-Rays Use?

Dental X-rays use very small amounts of radiation. In fact, the amount you receive during a routine dental X-ray is much lower than what you are naturally exposed to in everyday life.

For comparison:

  • One digital dental X-ray: about 1–5 microsieverts
  • Daily natural background radiation: about 8–10 microsieverts
  • Cross-country flight: about 30–40 microsieverts

This means a single dental X-ray exposes you to less radiation than you receive from natural sources in just one day.

Modern Technology Makes X-Rays Safer Than Ever

Today’s dental offices use advanced digital imaging systems that significantly reduce radiation exposure compared to older film X-rays.

Safety measures include:

  • Digital sensors that require less radiation
  • Lead aprons and thyroid collars when appropriate
  • Focused X-ray beams that limit exposure
  • Strict guidelines on when X-rays are needed

Dentists follow the ALARA principle: As Low As Reasonably Achievable. This means X-rays are only taken when they are necessary for diagnosis or treatment.

How Often Do You Need Dental X-Rays?

The frequency of dental X-rays depends on:

  • Your age
  • Your oral health history
  • Your risk for cavities or gum disease
  • Any symptoms you may have

The Bottom Line

Dental X-rays are a safe and valuable tool that helps your dentist detect problems early, often before you feel any symptoms. Early detection means simpler, less invasive, and more affordable treatment.

If you have concerns about radiation, don’t hesitate to ask your dentist. Your dental team is always happy to explain why X-rays are recommended and how your safety is protected.